Changer d'état d'esprit: Une nouvelle psychologie de la réussite

Par Carol S. Dweck

L'état d'esprit de développement, la clé de la réussite !

Durant ses nombreuses années de recherche en psychologie, Carol Dweck a découvert l’existence de deux états d’esprit bien distincts.
Pensez-vous que votre intelligence est une donnée innée, que vous ne pouvez pas vraiment modifier ? Pensez-vous ne pas pouvoir changer les composantes essentielles de votre personnalité ? Si vous avez répondu « oui », il est fort probable que vous ayez un état d’esprit fixe.

Ou bien pensez-vous plutôt que, peu importe votre niveau d’intelligence, il vous est possible de l’améliorer ? De modifier certains aspects de votre personnalité ? Oui ? Vous avez alors certainement un état d’esprit de développement.

À partir de cette distinction, en apparence toute simple, Carol Dweck nous montre que, seuls, les capacités et le talent ne suffisent pas, mais que l’état d’esprit a un impact capital sur la réussite de notre vie. Le plus important pour relever et réussir des défis est de les aborder avec un état d’esprit de développement. Et Carol Dweck va vous montrer comment. Sur base de résultats de recherche, d’anecdotes de la vie quotidienne et d’éléments biographiques de personnalités célèbres, la chercheuse américaine applique sa méthode aux diverses facettes de l’existence (éducation, relations sociales et amoureuses, sport, monde des affaires).

Un guide pratique qui vous aidera à vous développer et à réussir grâce à des pistes concrètes à appliquer dans votre vie quotidienne.

CE QU'EN PENSE LA CRITIQUE

Beaucoup d’enfants sont coincés dans un état d’esprit fixe et en deviennent réticents à l’effort et à l’apprentissage. Carol Dweck propose plusieurs pistes pour engager les enfants dans un état d’esprit en développement. – Apprendre à éduquer

Un livre à relire régulièrement, il donne des ailes... – Psychologos

À PROPOS DE L'AUTEUR

Professeure à l’Université de Stanford, Carol S. Dweck est une des chercheuses les plus reconnues dans le domaine de la personnalité, de la psychologie sociale et de la psychologie du développement.

• Langue: Français
• Éditeur: Mardaga
• Date de sortie: 21 sept. 2016
• ISBN: 9782804701383

Avis sur Changer d'état d'esprit

[purplequeennl · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

This book was not what I expected as the word Mindset can be used in a much broader sense and cover a lot more. This book covers specifically Fixed versus Growth Mindset.The concept to me is not new, as really to overcome life's challenges and obstacles a growth mindset is the only way to gain ground. Being open and understanding that you can grow and that it requires effort on your part is one aspect, as well as understanding that your ability is not limited and you can develop it in any area you set your mind to. Sadly many people take issue with this concept as they relate it immediately to their lives and the material/financial aspects. To me this book relates only to how you chose to view any task your undertake, from minor to major or the broader spectrum of how you approach your life. I believe changing how you think and perceive things can alter your outcome considerably. I do believe we are limitless in our capacity and it is the very essence of 'belief' that plays a part in it - meaning that you what you believe you are capable of, is what you will achieve.This book goes in depth in many areas to explain the concept of fixed versus growth mindset. I see this book as a tool for parents, teachers and anyone managing or training people. It provides example after example to enable the reader to absorb what the author is trying to say. It can be repetitive in parts, but the author herself seems new to the concept and learning as she writes about it. Even though she has done research into it for a decade or more, she seems surprised and excited by finding that in situation after situation the growth over fixed mindset can be applied and seen in the outcome.Personally the very basis of success or failure in life in any area is down to your mindset, but I don't confine it to just fixed or growth. Fixed, the word, means inflexible and ridge; without flexibility and being able to adapt to the ups and downs of life can result in a greater struggle.For me this book is a reference book, easy to pick up and find an example to remind you of what you can do to help yourself, or your child or a person you feel is struggling.

[circlesreads · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

Absolutely eye-opening.

[tom_westlake-1 · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

Our ability to learn is one of our greatest assets and this book is one of those books that helps teach that. As individuals, people have to learn to grow in order to achieve the things they desire. I am a personal believer that many who do not live up to their potential are thought to be lazy, dumb, or stupid however I disagree and that changing mindsets although difficult is possible. I have studied a lot about cognitive therapy and there are some real benefits to it, but one must realize that in books like this and Change your Brain, Change your Life that it is not instantaneous at that change takes time and effort. I really enjoyed this book, likely wouldn’t read it again or put it on my bookshelf as have already dedicated my life to continual personal and professional development.

[jlwllm12 · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Always wanted to read a psychology book to see if their version of the truth fits me! It totally does. Mindset has been mind-blowing with the insights that are within each page. I am reading it from the standpoint of being a teacher and trying to teach my students that they can achieve. It's a mindset. A must read for everyone!

[taytaycaron · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

Carol Dweck does a fine job explaining how a fixed or growth mindset is a simple idea about our brain. I found Mindset a hard to read book, but the information felt very important, so I pushed through, and I am glad I did. This book is written mostly for parents, teachers, and coaches, but I think anyone could benefit from reading it.

[canadiana-1 · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Fascinating research in regular people-speak about how having the right mindset (growth vs fixed) can actually set you up for success in every and any aspect of life: relationships, athletics, academics, arts, rocket science! Dweck's writing style is a bit too informal for me; I would have preferred a tone that was slightly more academic. However, I get that it's pop-non-fiction. The first 2 chapters were a bit slow-going -- lots of repeated info to set up what a "mindset" is, by her and her colleagues' definitions. However, after that it gets really interesting with real-life applications. The last chapter was my favorite as it deals with the actual aspect of change within a growth mindset. I REALLY want Dweck to write a book just on that! The change is the hardest part, IMO. I'd give this 4.5 stars (because of the informal tone issue) but overall, it's a super useful read. It will be a very influential book for me on a personal and professional level.

[readhanded · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

In Mindset, Dweck, a psychologist specializing in achievement and success, explores her theory that people generally have either a fixed mindset or a growth mindset. Those in a fixed mindset are afraid to fail and as a result, often fail to try. They believe their achievements define them, i.e. When I got an A on this paper, everyone said I was smart. If I don't get an A on my next paper, people won't think I'm smart anymore. In contrast, those in a growth mindset are more interested in stretching and growing than in success/failure. Growth mindset people are more likely to take a risk because the growth inherent in the effort is more important than the outcome. Best of all, Dweck makes it clear that we can choose to be in one mindset or the other, training our brains to think in the growth mindset. Dweck shows how the mindsets work in various aspects of life - business, sports, education, romance, parenting, and more. Mindset is an interesting read - it would be a good pick for a book club or other discussion group because everyone is bound to have an opinion about Dweck's theory.

[nmarun-1 · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

The book talks about the differences in two types of mindset - fixed and growth and shows the impact of being in either mindset.I have read other books on similar topics, but the author Carol Dweck puts things very interesting and keeps the flow of the book.There were two things that stood out for me.1. People with growth mindset are better at estimating their abilities as they are more accurate information about their abilities even though unflattering.2. Praise achievement and not talent. This one just had a "wow, that's just brilliant" effect on me. Having a child to raise, I'm always looking for such pointers. This is going to be the best take-away for me from this book."Beware of success; it can knock you into a fixed mindset - I won because I have talent therefore I will keep winning."

[shanta_2 · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

This book can't make up it's mind whether it is self-help or academic. It has the casual tone and anecdotes of the former, but is missing the 7-step plan for improving your life. On the other hand, it's based on peer-reviewed research and supported with notes and fairly good index. Personally, I hope Carol Dweck chooses the self-help route; her book offerrs too important a message to leave to locked in inaccessible academic journals. Until then, you will have to believe her that just knowing your mindset is not fixed should help unlock your potential.

[daveshearon · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Absolutely a must-read. What's really interesting about Dr. Dweck's work is how inuitive it is. The growth mindset seems almost trite and sugary until the layers upon layers of real effects in academics and athletics and couples and corporations start to pile up. Then, reading the science behind it (which is NOT presented in depth in this book) one starts to realize the power of this construct, and part of that power comes from how easy it is to grasp.

[jpsnow · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Dweck is a Stanford University psychologist who has written one of those awesome concepts that everyone should read. The premise: success is determined primarily by mindset. A fixed mindset limits us and establishes early boundaries that can lead to negative behaviors. A growth mindset lets us continually strive to greater levels of performance. The fixed mindset can become a perfectionist, or they might assume they'll always succeed without effort (and make excuses about the external cause when they don't). It's possible to be mixed, fixed in some situations and not in others (like I am when speaking, but not when analyzing data; or on some days in tennis but not others). I loved the point that you don't always need confidence, as long as you have a growth mindset (p. 52). You can accept that you might not be good at something, even that this is more of a reason to do it. Advice: consider any experience, test, or other judgment that you now use to define yourself. Consider it, feel it, and put it in a growth mindset. Re-frame it as a learning experience. Over time, praise for a specific type of success can be an impediment, even a limiter.

[lady_lazarus · Évaluation : 2 sur 5 étoiles]

Foremost, I found this book utterly dull and boring. It repeated itself way too much (I ended up skipping chapters 5 and 7 as I couldn't bear it no longer). The message was clear from the introduction, the rest was only giving examples of people with different careers and how people who had adapted the growth-attitude succeeded while the ones with fixed-attitude failed. These examples didn't give me anything and all of them were very brief and shallow - no wonder, as most examples were famous people who the author didn't personally know and thus couldn't tell more about their situations or struggles or ways of coping.At some point the author also mentions that there are no clear distinction between people with growth- or fixed-attitude, but still she keeps dividing people into these two categories.The book, filled with these shallow examples that function merely as praising the superiority of growth-attitude, lacked serious advice how to change your attitude. The advice of asking yourself "when, how and where" etc. given in the final chapter were very abstract and not really helpful - especially if you have already fallen into the hole where you think you are not good at anything and are so afraid of trying that you cannot even see the chances you are given - you are simply too scared to WANT anything. Also, I found it odd that the author thought the only thing preventing people with fixed-attitude from trying was that they wanted to keep their fantasy of being the best and greatest - what if some people with fixed-attitude think they are not worth anything and thus they refuse to try? I wonder why there was no discussion on how self-esteem affects your attitude towards growth. I think for people with low self-esteem it is natural to have the fixed-attitude while for the more self-confident the growth-attitude is practically given. (The attitude of not wanting to try in fear of losing your superiority is also a sign of low self-esteem, which the author never addressed.) It would be very difficult for a person with low self-esteem to try to change the attitude without gaining some self confidence first. Imagine you have low self-esteem and then decide to try anyway (based on the advice given in this book), and then fail - what would happen to your low self-esteem? The author never even thought that some people with fixed-attitude would not try because of fear of failing and losing the rest of your self-esteem - she only thought people were afraid of losing their superiority in the eyes of others. And went on and on with this same theory. Sure there would have been some room to explore other points of view as well.I think the book (perhaps at least the chapter 7 that I skipped, not the other dull ones) would be useful for teachers and parents so they wouldn't let children fall into the trap of thinking they are worth nothing or that they are kings and queens of everything.

[rachelab_1 · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

This book could have been a small pamphlet. You can get the essence of it just by reading the last chapter, chapter 8. It is tempting to mix up the idea with the book: The finding and description of mindsets - fixed and growth - is very valuable. As Dr. Dweck shows over and over and over in her book, using the mindset framework deepens our understanding of a lot of behavior, our own and that of other people. The book, however, falls short in fostering the growth mindset, the mindset it so positively describes. After finishing the book, I was left standing outside the candy store: I wanted to learn the growth mindset but I didn't get the tools. Yes, there were some suggestions in the book but most of it felt very superficial and not concrete enough to really use. For example, Dweck writes "enter the growth mindset and listen harder" (p. 232). Okay, I get that. But how do I do it? It almost feels like the book was written from a fixed mindset perspective: Dr. Dweck is such a great scientist and she did some wonderful, remarkable work and we all should be in awe. That is the judge-and-be-judged framework, not the learn-and-help-learn framework (p. 238). Most of the book is full of anecdotes showing the mindsets in action. They are fun to read since the retelling of the stories is well written. Some of them are inspiring. But, again, the book did not help me learn. It gave me a good taste of a more supportive frame of mind but it did not give me the tools to change my mind. That is especially disappointing since this is so contrary to the growth mindset it so vividly and convincingly portraits as a healthier approach...

[doubleplusgood · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

The central thesis is brilliant. It's worth reading for that alone. Unfortuantely, Dweck isn't very rigorous and falls prey to fallacious thinking througout.

[craigstrong · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

Good book, rings true, read 15 minutes every morning before starting work. Reminds me that I don't have to have a track record of doing something well to be able to do it well today and better still tomorrow.

[meijhen · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

Well-written, excellently portrayed examples, clearly presented. Not really anything new here -- this is cognitive therapy reworded for the current generation (she even has a section in the book about cognitive therapy). But it is an easy read, and does get you thinking about your own patterns.

[sean191 · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

Lots of good advice/information without it being about magical thinking. I think there may be a little bit too much black and white of some explanations, since I think there are nuances where growth mindset might not apply, but I'm hard pressed to come up with specific examples. I will likely read this again as I found the information worthwhile and I'm already applying some of it to my own daily interactions.

[debra_armbruster · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

Some interesting points - which I am looking forward to putting into practice! - but a bit redundant in terms of examples. Audio version NOT recommended.

[markkeeffe · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Spot on. This nails how I think, both good and bad.

[ingrid98684 · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Highly recommended....influenced me to made changes to my life and parenting.

[cjtoomey · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

Very interesting read about the growth mindset and how applying it can aid in nearly all facets of life.

[erebus53 · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

This book has a useful premise. It suggests that those people who think of their attributes as being inherent and or unchangeable do not attempt to work on things to improve them. It goes so far as to say that those people who feel that anything can be improved through effort and strategy are likely to succeed and enjoy their life more.Dweck is prone to oversimplifying her points for clarity of illustration, and illustrates her theories in tragic ways. Many of the "famous people" she talks about in her vignettes are people I have never heard of, and at other times she uses characters from movies to illustrate her points. If you wanted to know the plot of the movie Groundhog Day then this is the book for you (she covers this more than once!). Although popular media can get a point across it doesn't help convince me that her theories have real life application.It is clear that book is focused on identifying a problem way of thinking and replacing it with something else, rather than identifying two different ways thinking and inspecting their effects. As in a lot of self-help books it presumes that its ideas are new to you, that you have the problem it is trying to fix, and that you need convincing. Dweck also falls into the trap in a few places of equating "not losing" with "winning". (a=b)≠(¬a=¬b).It's clear that Dweck focuses a lot on sports psychology. She also deals with business, teaching and parenting ideas. She advocates praising the process rather than the result. It seems that much of her experience is based on being labelled "the smart child" and developing a risk averse nature, and most of the stories in her book are to do with college kids.Some practical hints are given for changing the attitudes of people who are stuck in self destructive patterns based on their own self image and insecurities, but it seems like a bit of a no brainer. Most of the practical words of wisdom she credits to other people.I'd say this book could easily have been summarised in a book a quarter of its length and I didn't gain much added insight from reading fast the first 10 pages.

[dmcolon · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

I found the premise of Mindset pretty self-evident: those who have a growth-oriented mindset have an easier time navigating life than those who have a more fixed approach to the world. Growth-oriented people look at difficulties as opportunities for improvement while those with a fixed-mindset look at difficulties as "terminal" events that essentially pass judgment on their abilities and worth.I think that pretty much sums up what I got out of this book. The author does spend some time applying this idea to education, sports, relationships, and the like, but I just didn't get much out of the book beyond that. Some people I generally respect like Ned Hallowell and Pat Basset gave this book high marks, but I'm just not seeing it. It all seemed too self-helpy (if that's a word (and it isn't)). I think the premise is a good one, but the book doesn't go much beyond that.

[bostonian71 · Évaluation : 3 sur 5 étoiles]

An interesting premise weakened by a poor argument. Dweck's book, short though it is, unfortunately proves that more is less; by citing example after example of people who have growth or fixed mindsets, she makes it hard to talk in depth about the qualities any one of them possesses. (It doesn't help that she often refers to celebrities that she has obviously only read about.) She also simplifies and overgeneralizes, at one point going so far as to say, "Parents and teachers who send fixed-mindset messages are like France, and parents and teachers who send growth-mindset messages are like Italy." (This claim is based on two weeks in Provence and one lunch in Italy, nowhere near long enough to form accurate impressions of one country, let alone two.) Not until the last chapter does she really address how to change one's mindset, and even that is done in rather vague terms. I'm still glad I read the book, because it's given me a lot to think about -- and happier that my job paid for it.

[magnolia2_1 · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

An explanation of growth and fixed mindset and how these mindsets create our lives.

[pw0327 · Évaluation : 4 sur 5 étoiles]

This book came highly recommended from my cohorts in the volleyball coaching community. Their recommendations made me curious, as the book was published in 2011 and I a have had some time to look over the reviews and other materials that have been written since that time. The author, Carol Dweck, has had a TED talk released, a number of others, including Maria Popova of Brainpickings have written about the ideas contained within the book.So it is that I approached this book with great anticipation. It did not quite meet the anticipation, but it was close enough. The book was written with a mixed audience in mind. Dweck had individual chapters dedicated to the business reader, the parent, the educator, the coach, and the lovelorn. These chapters were very well meaning, customizing her idea, and there is one salient and powerful idea, to the different possible areas of interest that may benefit from her idea. The success of those chapters however, were mixed. The central idea is this: there are two distinct ways for people to view themselves and their place in the world, fixed and growth mindsets. The fixed mindset is basically the mindset that is result oriented, one that believes that each person has been born with a set amount of talent, intelligence, and ability, furthermore, that those initial conditions can never be improved upon. What you see if what you get. The growth mindset people, however believe that their minds, their intelligence, their talents can be changed and improved. Indeed, they believe that their mindset can be improved. According to Dweck, this difference in perspective drives and defines the psyche and the behaviour of everyone. Even though she is very adamant about the veracity of this dichotomy, Dweck is also quite realistic in recognizing that people will take different tack with different portions of their lives, they are able to differentiate the different portions of their lives.The first three chapters define the conversation that the author has with us. Those three chapters sets the tone for the rest of the book. She then goes into detail about the mindset difference as it manifests itself in: business, sports, relationships parenting, teaching and coaching,and finally she goes into the concluding chapter on how does no go about teaching these mindsets and more importantly, change the mindsets.As with most psychological texts, the book is full of anecdotal stories, all selected and written with the intention of making the author's point. While these tales are interesting, and the author does a brilliant job of making her point, there was an overabundance of stories. The problem is that once the reader is quite convinced by the author's argument, some of the stories become too superficial and become an obstacle to the never level of reading. There really isn't much the author can do about that however, it just made the reading challenging.I felt that the education angle was the most well fleshed out and thought out portion of the myriad of arguments. It is obvious that the author is well versed in the education milieu, as she is a researcher at Stanford University in the psychology department. I felt that the relationship chapter was a bit superficial, while also interesting. I felt the parenting portion was the most difficult to read because the subject is so fraught with emotions. Indeed the stories in the parental portion were by far the most gut wrenching.I felt that sports chapter was interesting if unsatisfying. The examples that the author chose for fixed mindset and growth mindset athletes were well chosen, although I felt that McEnroe was too easy of a target. He was also kind of a counterexample in a way since he saw great successes as a tennis player. The author's choices for example in coaching was also pretty obvious, although the example of Bob Knight was intriguing, I wish that she could have delved further into the dichotomy of his coaching and his reaction to his coaching.Finally, I thought the business chapter was the strongest out of all the chapters, even though I felt that using Jack Welch as an example of growth mindset was a mistake. Welch, and his championing of forced ranking in the GE organization exemplifies the fixed mindset, even though, as the author documented, his approach to the other parts of the organization exemplified the growth mindset. I would like to have seen the author address the forced ranking issue.Regardless of the various peaks and valleys in the presentation of the idea, I thought this was a valuable book for myself, it certainly made me think harder about how I approached my own views.One thing that the author did not do, which I appreciated, is to give formulaic recipe type of advice to the reader, this is in line with my own personal feeling that there are no simple ways to implement this very large very complex concept. It is far more valuable for the reader to ruminate deeply and re-read the entire book just to get the whole picture in the shape that will meet their personally need.

[konradn-2 · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

Certaily one of the most important books I'v read this year. Highly recommended.

[debnance_1 · Évaluation : 2 sur 5 étoiles]

You know what this is. Another leadership book. Change your mindset. To this one.

[dilip1kumar-572329 · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

A realistic analysis of life's options for the average person, with very practical and learnable skills. The main accent is on developing a growth-mindset, but without blinding oneself to one's own limitations. Not everyone needs to be a multi-billionaire, but everyone can live a meaningful life without beating oneself up for not being ultra-successful in worldly terms.

[quinton.baran · Évaluation : 5 sur 5 étoiles]

An excellent analysis of how our minds work, and how we can change from the fixed mindset, which discourages challenges, difficult work, and move to the growth mindset.