Virginie Courtier-OrgogozoBiodiversité et écosystèmes (2022-2023)Collège de FranceColloque - Integrating Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology : Genomic Basis of Repeated Adaptation Varies with Divergence in ArabidopsisRepeated evolution tends to be more predictable. The impressive spectrum of recent reports on genomic parallelism, however, revealed that the fraction of the genome that evolves in parallel varies greatly, possibly reflecting different evolutionary scales investigated. Here, we demonstrate divergence-dependent parallelism using a comprehensive genome-wide dataset comprising 12 cases of parallel alpine adaptation and identify decreasing probability of adaptive re-use of genetic variation as the major underlying cause. This finding empirically demonstrates that evolutionary predictability is scale dependent and suggests that availability of preexisting variation drives parallelism within and among populations and species. Altogether, our results inform the ongoing discussion about the (un)predictability of evolution, relevant for applications in pest control, nature conservation, or the evolution of pathogen resistance.Magdalena BohutínskáI am interested in understanding the genomic basis of adaptive evolution. I study plant evolution after a dramatic mutation, whole genome duplication, and in challenging high alpine environments. I am especially interested in the mechanisms governing repeatability of adaptation.